1. Camera
Basic camera, different parts of a camera and their basic function, camera accessories.
2. Types of camera
Classification of cameras onthe basis of film size, focusing arrangements, viewfinder systems andgeneral usage. 35mm compact, 35mm SLR, Digital SLR, 120 film type TLRand SLR, instant (Polaroid) cameras, large format cameras and variousdigital cameras.
3. Main controls on a camera
a)
| Lens: Construction of a lens, compound lens and lens elements. Lenscoatings. Characteristics of lens such as focal length, speed of lens,angle of view, wide-angle lens, normal lens, telephoto lens and zoomlens etc.
| b)
| Shutter: Construction and types of shutter. Shutter timings andshutter speeds. Use of specific shutter speed depending upon lightingconditions, type of photography etc.
| c)
| Diaphragm: Construction of a diaphragm. Aperture and their corresponding f-numbers.
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4. Exposure
Meaning and definition of Exposure. F-number and shutter speed relationship, equivalent exposure settings.
5. Film & Digital Image sensor
Introductionto a photographic film. Meaning of emulsion. Types of film,characteristics of film such as film speed, graininess, gradation andcontrast, exposure latitude. Construction of digital image sensor,Pixel, Resolution and Sharpness, ISO settings, etc.
6. Depth of field
Meaning ofdepth of field, factors affecting DOF such as aperture size, subjectdistance and focal length. Making use of the knowledge of DOF inphotography.
7. Lighting
Light as the mainraw material in photography. Characteristics of light such asnatural/artificial source, intensity, form, nature of light, directionof light and colour of light. Different lighting equipments.Conventional studio lighting for portraiture, still life (Tabletop)etc. Meaning of key/main light, fill light, direct or bounced light.Use of reflectors and diffusers.
8. Photography with flash
Typesof flash units, electronic flash gun. Manual and auto flash operation.Portable flash, studio flash unit with its accessories such asumbrellas, soft boxes, spot grids etc.
9. Automation in camera
Variousexposure reading systems in SLR and DSLR. Exposure automations such asaperture priority, shutter priority and program modes. Auto focusing,auto winding, burst modes in DSLR and DX coding systems.
10. Close-up photography
Meaning of close-up/macro photography. Supplementary lenses, extension tubes and bellows, macro lens. Photomicrography.
11. Filters in photography
What is a filter? Types of filter, U.V., Polarizing, ND, Soft Focus and other special effect filters
12. Photography as an art and composition.
Photographyas a medium of creative art. Meaning and definitions of art. Meaning ofcomposition. Elementary rules of composition. Rule of thirds, figuresand lines. Composing different types of subjects such as portraits,landscape and action.
13. Introduction to colours
Theory of light and colours, Primary and secondary colours,complementary colours, colour of light, application of colour filtersin film-based photography to achieve correct colours on a photograph.White balance settings on digital camera.
14. Menu operations of Digital SLR camera
Important Menu settings such as quality, resolution, picture controls, ISO, White Balance etc explained in details.
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